Up Learn – A Level economics (aqa) – The Business Cycle
The Business Cycle
The business cycle diagram represents an economy’s transition from boom, to slump, to recession, and back again.
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More videos on The Business Cycle:
The Business Cycle Introduction (free trial)
Trend Potential Growth (free trial)
Negative & Positive Output Gaps (free trial)
Neoclassical Short Run Output Gaps (free trial)
NO Neoclassical Long Run Output Gaps (free trial)
Keynesian Long Run Output Gaps (free trial)
Characteristics of a Boom (free trial)
Characteristics of a Bust (free trial)
The Business Cycle & Policies
2. Business Cycles (free trial)
3. Recession (free trial)
4. Trend Potential Growth (free trial)
5. Negative & Positive Output Gaps (free trial)
6. Neoclassical Short Run Output Gaps (free trial)
7. NO Neoclassical Long Run Output Gaps (free trial)
8. Keynesian Long Run Output Gaps (free trial)
9. Characteristics of a Boom (free trial)
10. Characteristics of a Bust (free trial)
11. Cyclical Instability: Speculation (free trial)
12. Asset Price Bubbles (free trial)
13. Availability of Credit (free trial)
14. Economic Instability (free trial)
2. Lower Income Tax (free trial)
3. Higher Income Tax (free trial)
4. Higher Benefits (free trial)
5. Lower Benefits (free trial)
6. Higher Corporation Tax (free trial)
7. Lower Corporation Tax (free trial)
8. Increased Healthcare & Education Spending (free trial)
9. Decreased Healthcare and Education Spending (free trial)
10. Increased VAT (free trial)
11. Decreased VAT (free trial)
12. Increased Infrastructure Spending (free trial)
13. Crowding Out (free trial)
2. Base Interest Rate (free trial)
3. Expansionary vs Contractionary Monetary Policy (free trial)
4. Lower Interest Rate – Savings (free trial)
5. Higher Interest Rate – Savings (free trial)
6. Lower Interest Rate – Mortgages (free trial)
7. Higher Interest Rates – Mortgages (free trial)
8. Lower Interest Rate – Investment (free trial)
9. Higher Interest Rate – Investment (free trial)
10. Higher Interest Rates – Exports Imports (free trial)
11. Lower Interest Rate – Exports Imports (free trial)
12. Quantitative Easing (free trial)
13. Quantitative Easing – How it works (free trial)
14. Quantitative Easing – Evaluation (free trial)
15. Quantity Theory of Money (free trial)
16. Setting Interest Rates (free trial)
2. Infrastructure spending (free trial)
3. Reducing Corporation Tax (free trial)
4. Reducing Minimum Wage (free trial)
5. Deregulation (free trial)
6. Education Spending (free trial)
7. Reducing Income Tax (free trial)
8. Reforming Benefits (free trial)
9. Healthcare Spending (free trial)
In the last video we saw how virtually all economies in the last century have fallen into a cycle of wonderful, economic boom – followed by crushing, economic bust.
We call this the business cycle (or trade cycle) and we can see it in action graphically.
On the vertical axis we have real GDP, and on the horizontal we have time.
When an economy’s growing, real GDP will increase…and increase…
Until we reach a boom! The economy’s buzzing with activity: animal spirits are at an all-time high, consumers are spending merrily and workers are kept busy in employment.
But as we’ve seen historically, this boom doesn’t last long…
And soon real GDP will slump back down till we reach a bust. Animal spirits are miserably low, consumers are saving and worried about the future, and workers find themselves in unemployment.
And then the cycle repeats…
Real GDP recovers, increasing once again into a boom and then slumps back down into bust.
And with our business cycle now sketched out…we can break it up into 4 sections!
First we’ve got our boom, then we’ve got our bust (also known as a recession))…
But in between boom and bust (or recession) we’ve got a slowdown, or slump…where real GDP starts to decrease…
And then we’ve from bust (or recession) back to boom, we’ve got the recovery – where the economy recovers, and real GDP starts to rise back towards boom.
So, in summary, the business cycle (or trade cycle) looks like:
The business (or trade cycle) looks like this…economic boom, then slump (or slowdown), then bust (or recession)…then a recovery…which takes us back to boom for the cycle to continue!
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