Assumptions of the Biological Approach: Biological Factors

Origins of Psychology

1. Origins of Psychology – Introduction
2. Wundt’s Wunderful Wurk
3. Reductionism
4. Introspection
5. AO3: Science!
6. AO3: Not Very Scientific

Psychodynamic Approach AO1

1. Psychodynamic Approach – Introduction
2. Conscious & Preconscious Mind
3. The Unconscious Mind
4. The Tripartite Structure of Personality
5. Structure of Personality: Id
6. Structure of Personality: Super-ego
7. Structure of Personality: Ego
8. The Iceberg Analogy
9. Defence Mechanisms
10. Defence Mechanisms: Displacement
11. Defence Mechanisms: Repression
12. Defence Mechanisms: Denial
13. Freud’s Psychosexual Stages
14. Freud’s Psychosexual Stages: Oral & Anal
15. Freud’s Psychosexual Stages: Phallic
16. Freud’s Psychosexual Fixations
17. Freud’s Psychosexual Fixations: Oral, Anal & Phallic
18. Freud’s Psychosexual Stages: Latent & Genital
19. Support for the Psychosexual Stages: Little Hans
20. Little Hans: Evaluation

Behaviourist Approach AO1

1. Behavioural Approach – Introduction
2. Assumptions of the Behaviourist Approach: Observable Behaviour Only
3. Assumptions of the Behaviourist Approach: Most Behaviour is Learned
4. Assumptions of the Behaviourist Approach: Use of Animal Research
5. Classical Conditioning
6. Classical Conditioning: Types of Stimulus and Response
7. Classical Conditioning: Pavlov’s Dogs
8. Operant Conditioning
9. Reinforcement
10. Positive vs Negative Reinforcement
11. Punishment
12. Operant Conditioning: Skinner’s Rats

Cognitive Approach AO1

1. Cognitive Approach – Introduction
2. Assumption of the Cognitive Approach: Psychology Must Study Mental Processes
3. Types of Mental Processes
4. Assumption of the Cognitive Approach: The Mind Is like a Computer
5. Theoretical Models
6. Inference
7. Facts About Mental Processes
8. Schemas
9. Schemas: Assimilation and Accommodation
10. Study Support for Schemas: The War of the Ghosts

Biological Approach AO1

1. Biological Approach – Introduction
2. Assumption of the Biological Approach: Behaviour Is Mainly Caused by Biological Factors
3. Biological Approach: Cells and Chromosomes
4. DNA
5. Genes
6. Genes Control Physical Traits
7. Genetic Variation & Alleles
8. Reproduction
9. Biological Approach: Inheritance
10. Genotype & Phenotype
11. The Environment Affects Phenotype
12. Influences of Genes on Behaviour
13. Influences of Genes on Behaviour: Complexity
14. Types of Twin
15. Dizygotic vs Monozygotic Twins: Genotype
16. Dizygotic vs Monozygotic Twins: Environment
17. Concordance
18. Concordance Rates – Part 1
19. Concordance Rates – Part 2
20. How Twin Studies Work
21. Twin Study: McGuffin Et Al. 1996
22. Twin Studies: Evaluation
23. Evolution
24. Evolution: Mutations
25. Evolution: Natural Selection
26. Influence of Evolution on Behaviour
27. What is Cognitive Neuroscience?
28. Cognitive Neuroscience: Methods

Social Learning Theory AO1

1. Social Learning Theory – Introduction
2. Assumption: We Learn by Observing the Behaviour of Others
3. Observational Learning
4. Imitation & Modelling
5. Factors Affecting Observational Learning
6. Factors Affecting Observational Learning: Identification
7. Factors Affecting Observational Learning: Vicarious Reinforcement
8. Assumption: Mediational Processes are Involved
9. Bandura Et Al. 1961: Design
10. Bandura Et Al. 1961: Findings
11. Bandura’s Additional Findings
12. Bandura’s Research: Evaluation

Humanistic Approach AO1

1. Humanistic Approach – Introduction
2. Assumption of the Humanistic Approach: Free Will
3. Assumption of the Humanistic Approach: Everyone Is Unique
4. The Humanistic Approach Rejects the Scientific Method
5. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
6. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: Basic Needs
7. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: Psychological Needs
8. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: Self-Actualisation
9. Carl Rogers and the Self
10. Self-Concept and the Ideal Self
11. Congruence
12. Conditions of Worth
13. Unconditional Positive Regard
14. Rogers and Self-Actualisation
15. Humanistic Approach in the Timeline